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Mashup Score: 13BIR Publications - 4 month(s) ago
CT of the heart, in particular ECG-controlled coronary CT angiography (cCTA), has become clinical routine due to rapid technical progress with ever new generations of CT equipment. Recently, CT scanners with photon-counting detectors (PCD) have been introduced which have the potential to address some of the remaining challenges for cardiac CT, such as limited spatial resolution and lack of high-quality spectral data. In this review article, we briefly discuss the technical principles of photon-counting detector CT, and we give an overview on how the improved spatial resolution of photon-counting detector CT and the routine availability of spectral data can benefit cardiac applications. We focus on coronary artery calcium scoring, cCTA, and on the evaluation of the myocardium.
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: General Medicine News, CardiologistsTweet
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Mashup Score: 1BIR Publications - 7 month(s) ago
Data drift refers to differences between the data used in training a machine learning (ML) model and that applied to the model in real-world operation. Medical ML systems can be exposed to various forms of data drift, including differences between the data sampled for training and used in clinical operation, differences between medical practices or context of use between training and clinical use, and time-related changes in patient populations, disease patterns, and data acquisition, to name a few. In this article, we first review the terminology used in ML literature related to data drift, define distinct types of drift, and discuss in detail potential causes within the context of medical applications with an emphasis on medical imaging. We then review the recent literature regarding the effects of data drift on medical ML systems, which overwhelmingly show that data drift can be a major cause for performance deterioration. We then discuss methods for monitoring data drift and mitiga
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: General Medicine News, CardiologistsTweet
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Mashup Score: 0BIR Publications - 7 month(s) ago
Abstract This machine was the first linear accelerator designed for medical use and the first to be installed in a hospital. The first patient was treated in 1953 and the last in 1969. During this period the machine was used for research during the evenings and latterly it was available for research all day long. It was switched off for the last time in February 1984. In addition to the X-ray beam, electrons were used for treatment and for research, where the high dose rate and large field size were particularly useful. An account is given of some of the highlights of the clinical and research programmes.
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Latest Headlines, Oncologists2Tweet
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Mashup Score: 2BIR Publications - 7 month(s) ago
Objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using 1.5T or 3.0T systems is routinely employed for assessing wrist pathology; however, due to off-resonance artifacts and high power deposition, these high-field systems have drawbacks for real-time (RT) imaging of the moving wrist. Recently, high-performance 0.55T MRI systems have become available. In this proof-of-concept study, we tested the hypothesis that RT-MRI during continuous, active, and uninterrupted wrist motion is feasible with a high-performance 0.55T system at temporal resolutions below 100 ms and that the resulting images provide visualization of tissues commonly interrogated for assessing dynamic wrist instability. Methods: Participants were scanned during uninterrupted wrist radial-ulnar deviation and clenched fist maneuvers. Resulting images (nominal temporal resolution of 12.7–164.6 ms per image) were assessed for image quality. Feasibility of static MRI to supplement RT-MRI acquisition was also tested. Results: The RT
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: General Medicine News, Latest HeadlinesTweet
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Mashup Score: 1BIR Publications - 7 month(s) ago
Artificial intelligence has been introduced to clinical practice, especially radiology and radiation oncology, from image segmentation, diagnosis, treatment planning and prognosis. It is not only crucial to have an accurate artificial intelligence model, but also to understand the internal logic and gain the trust of the experts. This review is intended to provide some insights into core concepts of the interpretability, the state-of-the-art methods for understanding the machine learning models, the evaluation of these methods, identifying some challenges and limits of them, and gives some examples of medical applications.
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Healthcare Professionals, Latest HeadlinesTweet
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Mashup Score: 0BIR Publications - 9 month(s) ago
Objectives: To review the methodology of interobserver variability studies; including current practice and quality of conducting and reporting studies. Methods: Interobserver variability studies between January 2019 and January 2020 were included; extracted data comprised of study characteristics, populations, variability measures, key results, and conclusions. Risk of bias was assessed using the COSMIN tool for assessing reliability and measurement error. Results: Seventy-nine full-text studies were included covering various imaging tests and clinical areas. The median number of patients was 47 (IQR:23–88), and observers were 4 (IQR:2–7), with sample size justified in 12 (15%) studies. Most studies used static images (n = 75, 95%), where all observers interpreted images for all patients (n = 67, 85%). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) (n = 41, 52%), Kappa (κ) statistics (n = 31, 39%) and percentage agreement (n = 15, 19%) were most commonly used. Interpretation of variability
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Healthcare Professionals, Latest HeadlinesTweet
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Mashup Score: 1BIR Publications - 3 year(s) ago
Objective:Pneumonia is a lung infection and causes the inflammation of the small air sacs (Alveoli) in one or both lungs. Proper and faster diagnosis of pneumonia at an early stage is imperative fo…
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Latest Headlines, RadiologyTweet
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Mashup Score: 3BIR Publications - 3 year(s) ago
Objective:Demonstrate the importance of combining multiple readers’ opinions, in a context-aware manner, when establishing the reference standard for validation of artificial intelligence (AI) appl…
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Latest Headlines, Oncologists1Tweet
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Mashup Score: 5BIR Publications - 3 year(s) ago
Artificial intelligence, including deep learning, is currently revolutionising the field of medical imaging, with far reaching implications for almost every facet of diagnostic imaging, including p…
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Healthcare Professionals, Latest HeadlinesTweet
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Mashup Score: 2BIR Publications - 3 year(s) ago
Objectives:Mandible osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is one of the most severe toxicities in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing radiotherapy (RT). The existing literature focuses on the co…
Source: www.birpublications.orgCategories: Latest Headlines, RadiologyTweet
RT @BJR_Radiology: Review Cardiac imaging with photon counting CT https://t.co/yfJI4QDkCc #Radiology #CT #CardioTwitter https://t.co/EjBL0E…