If you have a myERS account, please click the button above to login. Not sure if your membership is up to date? Check at my.ersnet.org The ERS Virtual School Course on how scientific journals work takes place on 12 December. A collection of articles published as a result of our recent call for papers on chronic

IntroductionHalm’s clinical stability criteria have long guided antibiotic treatment and hospital discharge decisions for patients hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Originally introduced in 1998, these criteria were established based on a relatively small and select patient population. Consequently, our study aims to reassess their applicability in management of CAP in a contemporary real-world setting.MethodsThis cohort study included 2918 immunocompetent patients hospitalised with CAP from three hospitals in Denmark between 2017–2020. The primary outcome was time to achieve clinical stability as defined by Halm’s criteria. Additionally, we examined recurrence of clinical instability and severe complications. Cumulative incidence function or Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyse these outcomes, considering competing risks.FindingsThe study population primarily comprised elderly individuals (median age: 75 years) with significant comorbidities. The media

The symptoms of cough hypersensitivity do not distinguish between asthmatic cough and refractory chronic cough. Cough reflex hypersensitivity may underlie chronic cough across different phenotypes, despite having different treatable traits,BackgroundRecently, cough reflex hypersensitivity has been proposed as a common underlying feature of chronic cough in adults. However, symptoms and clinical characteristics of cough hypersensitivity have not been studied amongst phenotypes of chronic cough. This study aimed to compare symptom features, such as cough triggers and associated throat sensations, of cough hypersensitivity in patients with asthmatic chronic cough and those with refractory chronic cough (RCC).MethodsPatients with chronic cough from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry were prospectively evaluated over 6 months. Physicians determined the etiological diagnosis based on clinical evaluations and responses to treatment at the 6-month follow-up visit. Symptoms of cough hypersensiti

BackgroundControl of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a priority in the World Health Organization strategy to eliminate tuberculosis (TB). Many high-income low TB incidence countries have prioritised LTBI screening and treatment in recent migrants. We tested whether a novel model of care, based entirely within primary care, was effective and safe as compared to secondary care.MethodsThis was a pragmatic cluster-randomised, parallel group, superiority trial conducted in 34 general practices in London, UK, comparing LTBI treatment in recent migrants in primary care to secondary care. The primary outcome was treatment completion, defined as taking at least 90% of antibiotic doses. Secondary outcomes included treatment acceptance, adherence, adverse effects, patient satisfaction, TB-incidence and a cost-effectiveness analysis. The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03069807). Analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis.ResultsBetween September 2016 and May 2019

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BackgroundThe real-world consequences of a Philips/Respironics recall for positive airway pressure (PAP) devices distributed between 2009 and 2021 are unknown.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective population-based study using health administrative databases (Ontario, Canada) on all new adult PAP users identified through the provincial funding system, free of cancer at baseline, who initiated (claimed) PAP treatment between 2012 and 2018. Everyone was followed from the PAP claim date to the earliest of incident cancer diagnosis, death, or the end of the follow-up (March 2022). We used inverse probability of treatment weighting to balance baseline characteristics between individuals on recalled devices and those on devices from other manufacturers. Weighted hazard ratios of incident cancer were compared between groups.ResultsOf 231 692 individuals identified, 58 204 (25.1%) claimed recalled devices, and 173 488 (74.9%) from other manufacturers. A meaningful baseline difference between grou