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of N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-3 (GALNT3), a key enzyme for protein glycosylation in Golgi apparatus, in AKI. Methods: AKI was induced in mice by renal ischemia-reperfusion or cisplatin. In vitro, rat kidney proximal tubular cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. To determine the role of GALNT3, its specific inhibitor T3inh-1 was tested in mice, and the effects of GALNT3 overexpression as well as knockdown were examined in the rat renal proximal tubular cells. EGFR activation was induced by recombinant EGF or by overexpressing EGFR. Results: GALNT3 was significantly decreased in both in vivo and in vitro models of AKI induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion and cisplatin. T3Inh-1, a specific GALNT3 inhibitor, exacerbated ischemic AKI and suppressed tubular cell proliferation in mice. Moreover, knockdown of GALNT3 increased apoptosis during H/R treatment in rat renal proximal tubular cells, while overexpression of GALNT3 attenuated H/R-induced apoptosis, further

s based on individual participant data of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (N = 9361), the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Blood Pressure (N = 2362), the Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes (N = 3020), the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension (N = 1094) and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (N = 840) studies, we used DerSimonian-Laird random-effects models to examine the dependence of the effect of the BP lowering intervention on baseline diastolic BP for cardiovascular, all-cause mortality and kidney outcomes. Results: Mean baseline age was 65 ± 10 years old. Mean baseline systolic and diastolic BP were 141 ± 17 and 79 ± 12 mm Hg, respectively. More intensive BP control resulted in lower risk of composite cardiovascular outcome (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.72, 0.87) and all-cause mortality (HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75, 0.99) without evidence that the BP intervention effects differed by level of baseline diastolic BP (interactio

ronic health record. Here, we validate this diagnostic model in two biopsy-based cohorts at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) and Yale, which were geographically and temporally distinct from the development cohort, respectively. Methods: We analyzed patients who underwent kidney biopsy at JHH and Yale University (2019-2023). We assessed discrimination (AUC) and calibration using previously derived model coefficients and recalibrated the model using an intercept correction factor that accounted for differences in baseline prevalence of AIN between development and validation cohorts. Results: We included 1982 participants: 1454 at JHH and 528 at Yale. JHH (5%) and Yale (17%) had lower proportions of biopsies with AIN than the development set (23%). The AUC was 0.73 (0.66-0.79) at JHH and 0.73 (0.67-0.78) at Yale, similar to the development set (0.73 (0.64-0.81)). Calibration was imperfect in validation cohorts, particularly at JHH, but improved with application of an intercept correction fact

of N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-3 (GALNT3), a key enzyme for protein glycosylation in Golgi apparatus, in AKI. Methods: AKI was induced in mice by renal ischemia-reperfusion or cisplatin. In vitro, rat kidney proximal tubular cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury. To determine the role of GALNT3, its specific inhibitor T3inh-1 was tested in mice, and the effects of GALNT3 overexpression as well as knockdown were examined in the rat renal proximal tubular cells. EGFR activation was induced by recombinant EGF or by overexpressing EGFR. Results: GALNT3 was significantly decreased in both in vivo and in vitro models of AKI induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion and cisplatin. T3Inh-1, a specific GALNT3 inhibitor, exacerbated ischemic AKI and suppressed tubular cell proliferation in mice. Moreover, knockdown of GALNT3 increased apoptosis during H/R treatment in rat renal proximal tubular cells, while overexpression of GALNT3 attenuated H/R-induced apoptosis, further

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