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Mashup Score: 0
Background Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) poses a significant global health challenge, disproportionately affecting women. Diabetic women with HFpEF represent a high-risk subgroup, particularly after experiencing ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), exhibiting increased mortality compared to men. While prolonged door-to-balloon (DTB) times, reflecting delayed reperfusion, are a critical factor in STEMI outcomes, they alone do not fully capture the observed outcome variability in diabetic women. Using an integrated clinical and pre-clinical approach this study aimed to investigate the relative contributions of metabolic dysfunction and coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) to STEMI outcomes in women, beyond the impact of DTB time. Methods A retrospective case–control study analysed female STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI, n = 40 T2D, n = 40 non-diabetic controls), comparing clinical charact
Source: cardiab.biomedcentral.comCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet
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Mashup Score: 0
Background Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) often originate from the gastrointestinal tract, where their proliferation precedes dissemination into the bloodstream, and can lead to systemic infection. Uncovering the actors and mechanisms reducing the intestinal colonisation by VRE is essential to control infection. We aimed to identify commensal bacteria that interfere with VRE gut colonisation or act as an ecological barrier. Results We performed a 3-week longitudinal analysis of the gut microbiota composition and VRE carriage levels during microbiota recovery in mice colonised with VRE after antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. By combining biological data and mathematical modelling, we identified 15 molecular species (OTUs) that negatively correlated with VRE overgrowth. Six strains representative of these OTUs were collected, cultivated and used in mixture with a seventh strain (Mix7) in two different mouse lines challenged with VRE. Of the seven strains, three belonged to Lachnospir
Categories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
A study published in @MicrobiomeJ discusses how Mix7, a consortium of seven commensal bacteria, has a barrier effect against vancomycin-resistant enterococci and promotes overall restoration of microbiota functions. https://t.co/XuKXVgBOMk https://t.co/MYwOsPcfyP
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Mashup Score: 0Cranial morphology in flying squirrels: diet, shape, and size disparity across tropical and temperate biomes - Frontiers in Zoology - 13 day(s) ago
Background Species richness increases gradually as latitude decreases, however, the explanation for this phenomenon remains unclear. Ecological hypotheses suggest that greater niche diversity in tropical biomes may facilitate the coexistence of a larger number of species. The close relationship between species morphology and ecology can lead to a greater morphological disparity in tropical biomes. Methods In this study, we used 2D geometric morphometric techniques on the ventral view of the cranium of flying squirrels (Pteromyini, Sciuridae) to determine the relationship between diet and cranial morphology and to evaluate if morphological disparity is higher in tropical biomes. Results The results show that diet has a significant impact on cranial shape and size, with large, wide and robust crania in folivorous and generalist species, while frugivorous species tend towards smaller and narrower crania, and nucivorous have a wide variability. This suggests that biomes with more available
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The cranial shape of flying squirrels (tribe Pteromyini) is closely linked to its diet and the type of food they eat influences the structure of the masticatory muscles and related structures required to process it, finds a study in Frontiers in Zoology. https://t.co/3DV0qL0bmb
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Mashup Score: 0
Objective This study aimed to summarize the available data and assess whether antidepressants are effective and well-tolerated in the treatment of post-myocardial infarction (MI)-associated depression. Materials and methods A comprehensive search of public databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Ovid, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library) was conducted for publications on interventions for post-MI depression before October 2024. Keywords included post-myocardial infarction depression, antidepressants, myocardial infarction, and depression. Pooled data were analyzed using Stata software. Results A total of twelve studies were included. At baseline, no significant difference was observed in depression severity between the antidepressant treatment and control groups (pooled SMD = -0.022, 95% CI: -0.087–0.044). Antidepressant treatment significantly reduced depression scores after long-term follow-up (pooled SMD = -1.023, 95% CI: -1.671– -0.375). The incidence of adverse cardiac events was n
Source: bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.comCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
A meta-analysis and systematic review published in #BMCPsychiatry finds that antidepressants are effective and well-tolerated for treating post–myocardial infarction (MI) depression without worsening cardiac risk. https://t.co/WMdxfO4Y8s
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Mashup Score: 2Sex-related differences in postoperative patient-reported outcomes among lung cancer patients: a multicenter cohort study - BMC Cancer - 14 day(s) ago
Background Studies on sex-related differences in post-lung cancer surgery symptoms are limited. Understanding these differences may provide insights into patient recovery. Therefore, we investigated sex-related differences in these symptoms and their underlying associated factors. Methods We included patients aged ≥ 18 years undergoing surgery for lung cancer from a multicenter cohort study (CN-PRO-Lung 1) that focused on postoperative lung cancer symptoms trajectories. On a daily assessment schedule, we evaluated patients’ symptoms and their impact on functioning from the day before surgery until discharge using the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory–Lung Cancer module. We evaluated sex-related differences in symptom scores over time and identified influencing factors using linear mixed models. Results Of 372 eligible patients (196 men and 176 women;) symptoms were milder in men than in women for pain (estimate = 0.427, P = 0.021), fatigue (estimate = 1.071, P < 0.001), shortness of breath
Source: bmccancer.biomedcentral.comCategories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
Women reported a higher symptom burden than men in the early postoperative period after lung cancer surgery, finds a study published in #BMCCancer https://t.co/gHtHhFaIui
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Mashup Score: 9
Background The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) in patients with weight regain after bariatric surgery remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of 12 months of GLP1-RA treatment in a real-world patient population with weight regain after bariatric surgery. Methods A single-centre retrospective observational study. Patients with post-bariatric weight regain subsequently treated with GLP1-RA were identified, and the effect on weight after 12 months of treatment was determined. Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or frequencies (%), and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for paired and nonpaired group comparisons, respectively. Results Forty patients (80% female) were included in the analysis. Liraglutide (3.0 mg, daily subcutaneous injection, n = 22) or semaglutide (1.0 mg, weekly subcutaneous injection, n = 18) was started 74.5 (51.0, 108.3) months after surgery following
Categories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP1-RA) therapy with liraglutide or semaglutide for 12 months is efficacious and safe for the treatment of weight regain following bariatric surgery, finds a study published in #BMCEndocrDisord https://t.co/l7qtkF3NsA
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Mashup Score: 1CD2AP at the junction of nephropathy and Alzheimer’s disease - Molecular Neurodegeneration - 15 day(s) ago
Polymorphisms in the gene encoding CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) are associated with an increased risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Intriguingly, variants in the gene also cause a pattern of kidney injury termed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Recent studies have investigated the cell types and mechanisms by which CD2AP gene dosage contributes to the key pathological features of AD. This review summarizes the fundamental roles of CD2AP in mammalian cells and systems, discusses the novel pathogenic mechanisms focused on CD2AP in AD and highlights the necessity of incorporating biological sex in CD2AP research. Finally, the article draws important parallels between kidney and brain physiology based on vascular and molecular organization, links kidney disease to AD, and suggests the existence of a kidney-brain axis in AD centered on CD2AP.
Categories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
A Review published in Molecular Neurodegeneration summarizes the fundamental roles of CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) in mammalian cells and systems, and discusses the novel pathogenic mechanisms focused on CD2AP in Alzheimer’s disease. https://t.co/k7FOW8iMu2
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Mashup Score: 2
Background Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from humans with specific medical conditions to animal models can demonstrate causality by inducing or exacerbating pathophenotypes, linking the gut microbiota to health outcomes. Methods We conducted a scoping review searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science through July 2024 to identify human noninfectious diseases studied using FMT in animal models, investigate FMT methodologies, and assess the feasibility of systematic reviews on the role of the microbiota in specific diseases. Results From 605 reports of 489 studies, we found that inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, obesity, colorectal cancer, and depression were the most commonly studied, with cancer research focusing on immunotherapy non-responsiveness. In a random sample of studies, gastrointestinal outcomes were most frequently reported, with remarkably high rates (> 80%) of successful induction of disease-specific alterations for intestinal barri
Categories: General Medicine NewsTweet-
A Review in the Journal of Translational Medicine discusses the current state of research using human-to-animal fecal microbiota transplantation to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of noninfectious diseases and traits. https://t.co/ZJH1wQO1Qg
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Mashup Score: 4Causal effect of life-course adiposity on the risk of respiratory diseases: a Mendelian randomization study - Nutrition & Metabolism - 16 day(s) ago
Background There is limited evidence on the causal associations of life-course adiposity with the risk of respiratory diseases. This study aimed to elucidate these associations. Methods Two-sample Mendelian randomization was conducted using genetic instruments of life-course adiposity (including birth weight, childhood BMI, and adulthood adiposity) to estimate their causal effect on respiratory diseases in participants of European ancestry from the UK Biobank, the FinnGen consortium, and other large consortia. Results Genetically predicted higher birth weight was associated with decreased risk of acute upper respiratory infections and increased risk of pulmonary embolism, sleep apnea, and lung cancer. Genetically predicted high childhood BMI was associated with increased risk of asthma, COPD, pulmonary embolism, and sleep apnea. However, most of these observed associations were no longer significant after adjusting for adult BMI. Genetically predicted higher adult BMI and WHR were asso
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A study published in Nutrition & Metabolism provides genetic evidence that greater adiposity in childhood and adulthood has a causal effect in increasing the risk of a wide range of respiratory diseases. https://t.co/bFjzipaYEi
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Mashup Score: 6Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis: standing at the crossroad of lipid metabolism and immune response - Molecular Neurodegeneration - 16 day(s) ago
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by macroscopic features such as cortical atrophy, narrowing of the gyri, widening of the sulci, and enlargement of the ventricles. At the cellular level, the pathological characteristics include the extracellular aggregation of β-amyloid (Aβ) forming senile plaques, and the intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins forming neurofibrillary tangles. AD leads to the progressive decline of cognitive, behavioral, and social abilities, with no effective treatment available currently. The pathophysiology of AD is complex, involving mechanisms such as immune dysregulation and lipid metabolism alterations. Immune cells, such as microglia, can identify and clear pathological aggregates like Aβ early in the disease. However, prolonged or excessive activation of immune cells may trigger chronic neuroinflammation, thereby accelerating neuronal damage and the progression of AD. Lipid metabolism plays a critic
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A Review published in Molecular Neurodegeneration discusses the lipid metabolism and immune response in Alzheimer’s disease, summarizing their intricate interactions and offering insights into new interventions targeting the immune-metabolic axis in AD. https://t.co/9tMsbimhrW
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In diabetic women, multiple factors beyond reperfusion delays exacerbate acute myocardial injury, finds a study published in Cardiovascular Diabetology. https://t.co/HoBQWJnW60