1 Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China 2 The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China 3 Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China Parkinson’s disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disease, seriously impacts the quality of life of patients. In recent years, research has revealed that the GABAergic signaling pathway plays an important role in the occurrence and development of

1 Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States 2 Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States 3 Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States 4 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States 5 Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States Introduction:

1 Department of Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom 2 State Ke y Laboratory of Computer Science, Institute of Software, CAS, Beijing, China 3 Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden 4 National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which are the next generation of artificial neural networks (ANNs), offer a closer mimicry to natural neural networks

1 Graduate School of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China 2 Acupuncture and Moxibustion Massage College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medici ne, Shenyang, Liaoning, China 3 Division of CT and MRI, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China Purpose: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an early manifestation of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum, and accurately diagnosing SCD to differentiate it from neurotypical aging in